An analysis of 15 presidential programmes ranks Marine Tondelier first, with the maximum score of 3/3. The main weakness of the programmes concerns the organisation of daily life: proposals to change mobility, housing and consumption habits receive the lowest average score, 0.87/3.
The results are based on the programmes published by 14 November 2026. Scores were established through a systematic analysis of the measures proposed by each candidate. They rest on the definition of sufficiency formulated by Yamina Saheb and adopted by the IPCC in its 2022 report on climate change mitigation: "a set of policy measures and daily practices which avoid the demand for energy, materials, land, water and other natural resources, while delivering wellbeing for all within planetary boundaries".
Sufficiency pillars
Each programme is scored from 0 to 3 on six sufficiency pillars: policy measures (institutions and provisioning systems), daily practices (infrastructures and conventions), demand avoidance (volume before efficiency), the wellbeing floor (essential needs for all), the ecological ceiling (planetary boundaries) and the justice link between floor and ceiling.
Climate & Ecological Emergency
Each programme is also assessed on five criteria: ambition and credibility of mitigation, fossil-fuel exit, adaptation without maladaptation, biodiversity, water and pollution, and non-regression of environmental law.
References
- Candidates' official programmes, compiled via programmes-2027.fr (updated 13 November 2026)
- Saheb, Y. (2021). COP26: Sufficiency should be first. (external link) Buildings & Cities.
- IPCC (2022). Sixth Assessment Report, Working Group III.